Primary central nervous system lymphoma epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Overview
Primary central nervous system lymphoma constitutes approximately 3%-4% of all primary brain tumors and 1%-2% of all lymphomas.[1] Primary central nervous system lymphoma has been diagnosed in at least 2% of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus, and in 9–14% of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-autopsies.[2] Primary CNS lymphoma is, after toxoplasmosis, the most common cause of focal brain lesions in AIDS patients.[2] The overall incidence of primary central nervous system lymphoma is 0.4 per 100,000 individuals per year.[1] The median age of occurrence of primary central nervous system lymphoma in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients are 53-57 years and 31-35 years, respectively.[3] The peak incidence is between 60 and 70 years old for immunocompetent patients.[1] Significant increment of incidence rate over time is associated with increased incidence of AIDS and advanced age. Males are more commonly affected with primary central nervous system lymphoma than females.[1] The male to female ratio is approximately 1.2 to 1 in immunocompetent patients and approximately 7.38 to 1 in AIDS-associated primary central nervous system lymphoma.[3]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- Primary central nervous system lymphoma constitutes approximately 3%-4% of all primary brain tumors.[1]
- Primary CNS lymphoma constitues approximately 1%-2% of all lymphomas.[1]
- Primary central nervous system lymphoma has been diagnosed in at least 2% of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus, and in 9–14% of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-autopsies.[2]
- Primary CNS lymphoma is, after toxoplasmosis, the most common cause of focal brain lesions in AIDS patients.[2]
Incidence
- The overall incidence rate of primary central nervous system lymphoma is 0.4 cases per 100,000 individuals per year.[1]
Age
- Primary central nervous system lymphoma does not have predilections for any age group.[4]
- The median age of occurrence of primary central nervous system lymphoma in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients are 53-57 years and 31-35 years, respectively.[3]
- The peak incidence is between 60 and 70 years old for immunocompetent patients.[1]
- Young age of the patient should be noted, because it is not typical for primary CNS lymphoma.
- Significant increment of incidence rate over time is associated with increased incidence of AIDS and advanced age.
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected with primary central nervous system lymphoma than females.[1]
- The male to female ratio is approximately 1.2 to 1 in immunocompetent patients and approximately 7.38 to 1 in AIDS-associated primary central nervous system lymphoma.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Manenti, G.; Di Giuliano, F.; Bindi, A.; Liberto, V.; Funel, V.; Garaci, F. G.; Floris, R.; Simonetti, G. (2013). "A Case of Primary T-Cell Central Nervous System Lymphoma: MR Imaging and MR Spectroscopy Assessment". Case Reports in Radiology. 2013: 1–5. doi:10.1155/2013/916348. ISSN 2090-6862.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Haldorsen, Ingfrid S; Kråkenes, Jostein; Goplen, Anne K; Dunlop, Oona; Mella, Olav; Espeland, Ansgar (2008). "AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma: a Norwegian national survey 1989–2003". BMC Cancer. 8 (1): 225. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-225. ISSN 1471-2407.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Bhagavathi S, Wilson JD (2008). "Primary central nervous system lymphoma". Arch Pathol Lab Med. 132 (11): 1830–4. doi:10.1043/1543-2165-132.11.1830. PMID 18976024.
- ↑ Primary central nervous system lymphoma. Wikipedia 2016. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_central_nervous_system_lymphoma. Accessed on February 18, 2016