Seminoma risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Overview
Risk Factors
Common risk factors for testicular seminoma include:[1][2]
- Caucasian race
- Undescended testis
- 10-40x increased risk
- around 10% of seminoma are associated with undescended testis
- higher risk if intra-abdominal testis compared with intra-inguinal
- orchidopexy prior to puberty can reduce the tumor risk
- increased risk in the contralateral normally descended testis
- Previous tumor in contralateral testis
- Family history of testicular germ cell tumor
- 4x increased risk if father affected
- 9x increased risk if brother affected
- Testicular microlithiasis
- 8x increased risk in symptomatic testicle with microlithiasis
- no increased risk found in asymptomatic testicles therefore screening is unlikely to be useful
- Testicular dysgenesis
- Testicular feminization
- Klinefelter syndrome
- Other risk factors may include
References
- ↑ Risk factors for testicular seminoma. Dr Marcin Czarniecki and Dr Andrew Dixon et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/testicular-seminoma-1. Accessed on February 25, 2016>
- ↑ Risk factors for testicular germ cell tumors. Dr Matt A. Morgan and Dr Andrew Dixon et al. Radiopaedia 2016. Accessed on February 25, 2016