Japanese encephalitis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anthony Gallo, B.S. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
There are 24 countries in Southeast Asia and Western Pacific regions that have Japanese encephalitis virus transmission risk, a population of over 3 billion people.[1]
Incidence
The incidence of Japanese encephalitis in patients younger than 19 years old is approximately 10-100 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[2]
Case-Fatality Rate
The case-fatality rate of Japanese encephalitis is approximately 20-30% worldwide.[3]
Age
Japanese encephalitis more commonly affects individuals younger than 18 years of age. In rural areas where Japanese encephalitis is endemic, seroprevalance approaches 100%; approximately 1 in 300 infected children develop Japanese encephalitis.[4]
Race
Japanese encephalitis usually affects individuals of the Asian race.
Seasonal
Japanese encephalitis is most commonly observed in the summer months within temperate climate zones.[5] Year-round transmission is observed in tropical climate zones.
Geographical Location
The majority of Japanese encephalitis cases are reported in South and Southeast Asia. There have been suspected cases on the Indian subcontinent.
Developed Countries
Japanese encephalitis is a rare disease that tends to sporadically cause outbreaks which affect U.S. territories in the Western Pacific.
Developing Countries
Japanese encephalitis is a common disease that tends to affect approximately 30,000 to 70,000 individuals in Asia annually.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Japanese encephalitis - Fact sheet No 386. World Health Organization (WHO) (2015) http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs386/en/ Accessed on April 12, 2016
- ↑ Kollaritsch H, Paulke-Korinek M, Dubischar-Kastner K (2009). "IC51 Japanese encephalitis vaccine". Expert Opin Biol Ther. 9 (7): 921–31. doi:10.1517/14712590903042282. PMID 19527110.
- ↑ Japanese encephalitis - Frequently Asked Questions. CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015) http://www.cdc.gov/japaneseencephalitis/qa/index.html Accessed on April 12, 2016
- ↑ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2012). "Expanding poliomyelitis and measles surveillance networks to establish surveillance for acute meningitis and encephalitis syndromes--Bangladesh, China, and India, 2006-2008". MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 61 (49): 1008–11. PMID 23235298.
- ↑ Vaughn DW, Hoke CH (1992). "The epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis: prospects for prevention". Epidemiol Rev. 14: 197–221. PMID 1337744.