Intraocular lymphoma

Jump to navigation Jump to search

WikiDoc Resources for Intraocular lymphoma

Articles

Most recent articles on Intraocular lymphoma

Most cited articles on Intraocular lymphoma

Review articles on Intraocular lymphoma

Articles on Intraocular lymphoma in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Intraocular lymphoma

Images of Intraocular lymphoma

Photos of Intraocular lymphoma

Podcasts & MP3s on Intraocular lymphoma

Videos on Intraocular lymphoma

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Intraocular lymphoma

Bandolier on Intraocular lymphoma

TRIP on Intraocular lymphoma

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Intraocular lymphoma at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Intraocular lymphoma

Clinical Trials on Intraocular lymphoma at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Intraocular lymphoma

NICE Guidance on Intraocular lymphoma

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Intraocular lymphoma

CDC on Intraocular lymphoma

Books

Books on Intraocular lymphoma

News

Intraocular lymphoma in the news

Be alerted to news on Intraocular lymphoma

News trends on Intraocular lymphoma

Commentary

Blogs on Intraocular lymphoma

Definitions

Definitions of Intraocular lymphoma

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Intraocular lymphoma

Discussion groups on Intraocular lymphoma

Patient Handouts on Intraocular lymphoma

Directions to Hospitals Treating Intraocular lymphoma

Risk calculators and risk factors for Intraocular lymphoma

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Intraocular lymphoma

Causes & Risk Factors for Intraocular lymphoma

Diagnostic studies for Intraocular lymphoma

Treatment of Intraocular lymphoma

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Intraocular lymphoma

International

Intraocular lymphoma en Espanol

Intraocular lymphoma en Francais

Business

Intraocular lymphoma in the Marketplace

Patents on Intraocular lymphoma

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Intraocular lymphoma

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: PIOL

Overview

Intraocular lymphoma (also known as "PIOL") is a rare subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Intraocular lymphoma may affect the eye secondarily from a metastasis from a non-ocular tumor or may arise within the eye primarily. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, intraocular lymphomas are most commonly a diffuse large B-cell immunohistologic subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The most common symptoms of intraocular lymphoma is blurred or decreased vision. In the majority of patients, central nervous system involvement, only accounts for 20% of primary central nervous system lymphomas. The median age at diagnosis among patients with intraocular lymphoma is between 50-60 years. The pathogenesis of intraocular lymphoma is characterized by the affection of the sub-retinal pigment epithelium, which is normally involved in the light absorption. On fluorescein angiography, findings may reveal "leopard spot" patterns due to sub-retinal pigment epithelium infiltrates that stain early and progressively or mottling of the sub-retinal pigment epithelium due to hyper- and hypo-fluorescent window defects. The initial therapy for patients with intraocular lymphoma is corticosteroids.

Historical Perspective

  • Intraocular lymphoma was first discovered by [scientist name], a [nationality + occupation], in [year] during/following [event].

Classification

  • Intraocular lymphoma may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups:
  • [group1]
  • [group2]
  • [group3]

Pathophysiology

  • The pathogenesis of intraocular lymphoma is characterized by
  • Genes associated with the development of intraocular lymphoma, include:
  • On gross pathology, characteristic findings of intraocular lymphoma, include:
  • On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of intraocular lymphoma, include:
  • Atypical lymphocytes (gold standard)

Causes

  • Common causes of intraocular lymphoma, include:

Differentiating Intraocular Lymphoma from Other Diseases

  • Intraocular lymphoma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause chronic loss of vision, such as:
  • [Differential dx1]
  • [Differential dx2]
  • [Differential dx3]

Epidemiology and Demographics

  • The prevalence of intraocular lymphoma is approximately [number or range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
  • In [year], the incidence of intraocular lymphoma was estimated to be [number or range] cases per 100,000 individuals in [location].

Age

  • Patients of all age groups may develop intraocular lymphoma.
  • Intraocular lymphoma is more commonly observed among patients aged [age range] years old.
  • Intraocular lymphoma is more commonly observed among [elderly patients/young patients/children].

Gender

  • Intraocular lymphoma affects men and women equally.
  • [Gender 1] are more commonly affected with intraocular lymphoma than [gender 2].
  • The [gender 1] to [Gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.

Race

  • There is no racial predilection for intraocular lymphoma.
  • Intraocular lymphoma usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race.
  • [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop intraocular lymphoma.

Risk Factors

  • Common risk factors in the development of intraocular lymphoma, include:

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

  • The majority of patients with intraocular lymphoma are symptomatic at the time of diagnosis.
  • Early clinical features include
  • If left untreated, patients with intraocular lymphoma may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
  • Common complications of intraocular lymphoma include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].
  • Prognosis is generally good, and the median survival rate of patients with intraocular lymphoma is approximately

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

  • The diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma is made with the following diagnostic criteria:
  • [criterion 1]
  • [criterion 2]
  • [criterion 3]
  • [criterion 4]

Symptoms

  • Symptoms of intraocular lymphoma may include the following:
  • Burning of the eye
  • Redness of the eye
  • Blurred vision
  • Photophobia or sensitivity to light
  • Eye pain
  • Floaters (which are dark spots that float in the visual field)
  • Headache

Physical Examination

  • Patients with intraocular lymphoma usually appear pale or malnourished.
  • Physical examination may be remarkable for:
  • [finding 1]
  • [finding 2]
  • [finding 3]
  • [finding 4]
  • [finding 5]
  • [finding 6]

Laboratory Findings

  • There are no specific laboratory findings associated with intraocular lymphoma.

Imaging Findings

  • On CT, characteristic findings of intraocular lymphoma, include:

Treatment

Medical Therapy

  • There is no treatment for intraocular lymphoma; the mainstay of therapy is supportive care.
  • The mainstay of therapy for intraocular lymphoma is [medical therapy 1] and [medical therapy 2].
  • [Medical therapy 1] acts by [mechanism of action1].
  • Response to [medical therapy 1] can be monitored with [test/physical finding/imaging] every [frequency/duration].

Surgery

  • Surgery is the mainstay of therapy for intraocular lymphoma.
  • [Surgical procedure] in conjunction with [chemotherapy/radiation] is the most common approach to the treatment of intraocular lymphoma.
  • [Surgical procedure] can only be performed for patients with [disease stage] intraocular lymphoma.

Prevention

  • There are no primary preventive measures available for intraocular lymphoma.
  • Once diagnosed and successfully treated, patients with intraocular lymphoma are followed-up every [duration]. Follow-up testing includes [test 1], [test 2], and [test 3].

References