Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medical therapy
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Charmaine Patel, M.D. [2]
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Overview
The mainstay of therapy for ADHD is the administration of such stimulants as Ritalin and Adderall. While there is no cure for ADHD, currently available treatments can help reduce symptoms and improve functioning. Other treatment options include psychotherapy, education and training, or a combination of therapies.[1]
Medical Therapy
Several different types of medications may be prescribed to mitigate the symptoms associated with ADHD. Stimulants, such as Ritalin and Adderall, are used to increase the patient’s supply of the brain chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine, which play essential roles in thinking and attention.[1] Studies have shown that Ritalin is safe and effective in preschool-aged children suffering from ADHD, so long as they are closely monitored while taking the drug. In a six-year follow-up study, 89% of original participants still met the criteria for ADHD, despite treatment with stimulants.[2] Other drugs, including anti-depressants, may also be prescribed in cases of ADHD depending on the patient’s co-morbidities.[1]
Psychotherapy
Education and training
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 National Institute of Mental Health (NIH). (2016). "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder."
- ↑ Riddle MA, Yershova K, Lazzaretto D, Paykina N, Yenokyan G, Greenhill L; et al. (2013). "The Preschool Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Study (PATS) 6-year follow-up". J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 52 (3): 264–278.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.12.007. PMC 3660093. PMID 23452683. Review in: Evid Based Ment Health. 2013 Aug;16(3):63