Pyomyositis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Pyomyositis, also known as tropical pyomyositis or myositis tropicans is a bacterial infection of the skeletal muscles which results in a pus-filled abscess. Pyomyositis is more common in tropical areas but can also occur in the temperate zones. Pyomyositis is most often caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.^[1] The infection can affect any skeletal muscle, but most often infects the large muscle groups such as the quadriceps or gluteal muscles. In tropical regions, the infection often follows minor trauma, while in temperate zones the infection typically occurs in people with immune deficiencies. The abscess within the muscle is drained surgically and antibiotics are administered to fully clear the infection.

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pyomyositis from Other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

Complications

Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Pyomyositis^[2]

Preferred regimen (1): Nafcillin
Preferred regimen (2): Oxacillin 2 g IV q4h

Preferred regimen (3): Cefazolin 2 g IV q8h (if MSSA)
Alternate regimen: Vancomycin 1 g IV q12h (if MRSA)

Surgery

Prevention

References

↑ Chauhan, S.; Jain, S.; Varma, S.; Chauhan, SS. (2004). "Tropical pyomyositis (myositis tropicans): current perspective". Postgrad Med J. 80 (943): 267–70. PMID 15138315. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Gilbert, David (2015). The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy. Sperryville, Va: Antimicrobial Therapy. ISBN 978-1930808843.

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[Chauhan-2004-1] Chauhan, S.; Jain, S.; Varma, S.; Chauhan, SS. (2004). "Tropical pyomyositis (myositis tropicans): current perspective". Postgrad Med J. 80 (943): 267–70. PMID 15138315. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[2] Gilbert, David (2015). The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy. Sperryville, Va: Antimicrobial Therapy. ISBN 978-1930808843.

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