Bursitis natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]
Overview
The outlook is generally very good for bursitis, although in rare cases your bursa may have to be removed surgically if other treatments are ineffective.
Natural History
Aseptic bursitis is often caused by micro-trauma and overuse. The symptoms of acute bursitis develop rapidly within 2 to 3 days. It usually presents with edema, erythema, tenderness, and stiffness near the joint. In most cases after adjustment of activities, bursitis will gradually clear within few days to weeks without any long-term consequences. If left untreated, acute bursitis may lead to chronic bursitis which may result in cicatricial adhesions reduced mobility and progressive pain.
Septic bursitis is often caused by potential complications include osteomyelitis or cutaneous fistula formation. Following the first relapse, if there is subsequent recurrence of infection or persistence of a thick bursal synovium, consideration should be given to total bursal excision during a quiescent phase of the disease [6]. In one series, immunosuppression significantly increased the risk of recurrent infection
Complication
- Cicatricial adhesions in the joint
- Reduced range of motion or mobility
- Progressive pain
- Limited activity level
- Limping
Prognosis
With treatment and activities adjustment, bursitis is associated with excellent prognosis.