Pelvic inflammatory disease natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]

Overview

Natural history

If left untreated it may lead to infertility in approximately 16% of affected women.^[1] it may progress to adjacent organ involvement or even peritonitis.

Prognosis

The overall prognosis of PID is good if patients treated within 3 days of symptoms onset but the clinical improvement can not guaranty protection against infertility.^[2]

Factors that predict poor prognosis include:^[3]

Advanced age,
History of previous open gynecological surgery,
Any cystic lesion identified by ultrasonography,
High CRP levels

Complications

References

↑ Weström L, Joesoef R, Reynolds G, Hagdu A, Thompson SE (1992). "Pelvic inflammatory disease and fertility. A cohort study of 1,844 women with laparoscopically verified disease and 657 control women with normal laparoscopic results". Sex Transm Dis. 19 (4): 185–92. PMID 1411832.
↑ Ross J (2004). "Pelvic inflammatory disease". Clin Evid (11): 2121–7. PMID 15652102.
↑ Terao M, Koga K, Fujimoto A, Wada-Hiraike O, Osuga Y, Yano T, Kozuma S (2014). "Factors that predict poor clinical course among patients hospitalized with pelvic inflammatory disease". J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 40 (2): 495–500. doi:10.1111/jog.12189. PMID 24118399.

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[pmid1411832-1] Weström L, Joesoef R, Reynolds G, Hagdu A, Thompson SE (1992). "Pelvic inflammatory disease and fertility. A cohort study of 1,844 women with laparoscopically verified disease and 657 control women with normal laparoscopic results". Sex Transm Dis. 19 (4): 185–92. PMID 1411832.

[pmid15652102-2] Ross J (2004). "Pelvic inflammatory disease". Clin Evid (11): 2121–7. PMID 15652102.

[pmid24118399-3] Terao M, Koga K, Fujimoto A, Wada-Hiraike O, Osuga Y, Yano T, Kozuma S (2014). "Factors that predict poor clinical course among patients hospitalized with pelvic inflammatory disease". J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 40 (2): 495–500. doi:10.1111/jog.12189. PMID 24118399.

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