Ischemic stroke differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]

Differential Diagnosis

Neurosyphilis can present with strokes and must be differentiated from other causes.

• Presents as weakness, sensory loss, gait abnormality and cranial nerve damage.

Diseases	Laboratory Findings				Physical Examination				History and Symptoms				Other Findings
	Lab Test 1	Lab Test 2	Lab Test 3	Lab Test 4	Physical Finding 1	Physical Finding 2	Physical Finding 3	Physical Finding 4	Finding 1	Finding 2	Finding 3	Finding 4
Brain tumour					Decreased muscle strength	Sensory loss			Headache	Motor weakness	Seizures
Hemorrhagic stroke									Headache	Motor weakness	History of hypertension
Subdural hemorrhage									Severe headache	Loss of consciousness	Vomiting	Muscle weakness
Neurosyphilis	CSF changes		+						Headache	Muscle weakness	Sensory disturbances	cranial nerve involvement	History of STIs
Complex or atypical migraine	↑								Unilateral headache	Aura causing visual and speech difficulties			Family history of migraine
Conversion disorder		↓							Sudden loss of motor strength	Loss of sensation or abnormal sensations	Behavioural abnormalities
Electrolyte disturbance									Confusion	Lack of orientation	Seizures
Intracranial neoplasm
Meningitis or encephalitis									Fever	Neck stiffness	loss of consciousness	Cranial nerve damage	Lack of
Multiple sclerosis exacerbation									Pre	Visual changes	Muscle weakness		Relapsing and remitting course
Seizure
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia