Osteolysis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Osteolysis is the softening, absorption and destruction of bony tissue.

Causes

Common Causes

• Acroosteolysis
• Adamantinoma
• Aging
• Bone tumors
• Chondroblastoma
• Chondromyxoid fibroma
• Chronic inflammation
• Cleidocranial dysplasia
• Craniomandibular dermatodysostosis
• Desmoplastic fibroma
• Enchondroma
• Enchondromatosis
• Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma
• Ewing sarcoma
• Gorham vanishing bone disease
• Hairy cell leukaemia
• Hajdu-cheney syndrome
• Idiopathic multicentric osteolysis
• Myeloma
• Neuroblastoma
• Osteosarcoma
• Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
• Polyostotic osteolytic expansile dysplasia
• Pyknodysostosis
• Reiter syndrome
• Subchondral stress fracture
• Torg-winchester syndrome
• Van bogaert-hozay syndrome

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	Polyvinyl chloride
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Haim-munk syndrome, Mycetoma, Psoriasis
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	Peridontal disease
Endocrine	Hyperparathyroidism
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	Bonnet-dechaume-blanc syndrome, Gaucher disease, Haim-munk syndrome, Hajdu-cheney syndrome, Hutchinson-gilford progeria syndrome, Idiopathic multicentric osteolysis, Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist deficiency, Majeed syndrome, Systemic hyalinosis, Torg-winchester syndrome, Van bogaert-hozay syndrome
Hematologic	Gorham vanishing bone disease, Hairy cell leukaemia, Histiocytosis x, Sickle cell disease
Iatrogenic	Prosthetics
Infectious Disease	Cysts, Mycetoma, Peridontal disease, Secondary syphilis, Tertiary syphilis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	Acroosteolysis, Adamantinoma, Aging, Bone tumors, Chondroblastoma, Chondromyxoid fibroma, Chronic inflammation, Cleidocranial dysplasia, Craniomandibular dermatodysostosis, Desmoplastic fibroma, Enchondroma, Enchondromatosis, Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, Ewing sarcoma, Gorham vanishing bone disease, Hajdu-cheney syndrome, Idiopathic multicentric osteolysis, Myeloma, Osteosarcoma, Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, Polyostotic osteolytic expansile dysplasia, Pyknodysostosis, Reiter syndrome, Subchondral stress fracture, Torg-winchester syndrome, Van bogaert-hozay syndrome
Neurologic	Bonnet-dechaume-blanc syndrome, Cleidocranial dysplasia, Craniomandibular dermatodysostosis, Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2, Neuroblastoma
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Adamantinoma, Bone tumors, Chondroblastoma, Chondromyxoid fibroma, Desmoplastic fibroma, Enchondroma, Enchondromatosis, Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, Ewing sarcoma, Hairy cell leukaemia, Myeloma, Neuroblastoma, Osteosarcoma
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Sarcoidosis
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Arithritis, Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, Polyostotic osteolytic expansile dysplasia, Psoriasis, Reiter syndrome, Sarcoidosis, Systemic hyalinosis, Systemic sclerosis
Sexual	Secondary syphilis, Tertiary syphilis
Trauma	Frostbite, Subchondral stress fracture
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Aging, Chronic inflammation

Cause in Alphabetical Order

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3

Differential Diagnosis

In alphabetical order.

• Bone hemangioendothelioma
• Central Chondroma
• Chondromatosis
• Hand-Schuller-Christian Disease
• Eosinophillic bone granulation tumor
• Extraosseous soft tissue tumor
• Leukemia
• Lymphogranuloma
• Metastases
• Multiple Myeloma
• Osteolytic sarcoma
• Syphillitic gumma

References

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