Lung abscess classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Classification
- Lung abscess can be classified into three types based on duration of symptoms, etiology and mode of spread as follows:
Based on duration of symptoms
- Acute: If the duration of symptoms is less than 4-6 weeks before presenting to medical care.[1]
- Chronic: If the symptoms persists for more than 6 weeks.
Based on Etiology
- Primary: When the abscess develops after lung infection in previously healthy persons or in patients prone to aspiration [2]
- Secondary: Abscess formation in patients due to complications of a co-existing lung disease such as post obstructive process (bronchial obstruction due to tumor , foreign body or enlarged lymphnodes) and systemic process resulting in decreased immune response like HIV, and patients on immunosuppressantss and corticosteroids.
Based on mode of spread
Bronchiogenic: Abscess formation is due to aspiration and inhalation.[1]
- Aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions
- Bronchial obstruction by tumor
- Foreign body, congenital malformations, and enlarged lymph nodes
Hematogenic: Abscess formation due to dissemination of causative agents from other infected sites
- Infective endocarditis
- Abdominal sepsis
- Septic thromboembolism
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Puligandla PS, Laberge JM (2008). "Respiratory infections: pneumonia, lung abscess, and empyema". Semin. Pediatr. Surg. 17 (1): 42–52. doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2007.10.007. PMID 18158141.
- ↑ Bennett, John (2015). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1455748013.