Polyuria
Resident Survival Guide |
Polyuria | |
ICD-10 | R35 |
---|---|
ICD-9 | 788.42 |
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Editor(s)-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S.,M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753;
To view a comprehensive algorithm of common findings of urine composition and urine output, click here
Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Polyuria is the passage of a large volume of urine in a given period (>= 2.5L/24 hours in adult humans) [2] It often appears with increased thrist (polydipsia), though it is possible to have one without the other.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
- Bladder cancer
- Caffeine poisoning
- Chronic kidney disease
- Chronic renal failure
- Congestive heart failure
- Hip cancer
- Leukemia
- Parathyroid cancer
- Pituitary tumors
- Polycystic kidney disease
- Resolving hematoma
- Rib tumor
- Secondary bone cancer
- Urethral cancer
- Uterine leiomyoma
- Vagina cancer
Common Causes
- Benign prostate hyperplasia
- Benign prostate hypertrophy
- Bladder cancer
- Bladder compression
- Bladder conditions
- Bladder diverticulum
- Enlarged prostate
- Noctural polyuria syndrome
- Overactive bladder
- Pathological water intake
- Postobstructive uropathy
- Prostate cancer
- Prostate conditions
- Sassoon hospital syndrome
- Serratia urinary tract infection
- Urethral cancer
- Urethritis
- Urinary outflow obstruction
- Urinary stones
- Urinary tract infection
- Uterine fibroids
- Uterine leiomyoma
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
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3Differential Diagnosis of Polyuria
In alphabetical order. [1] [2]
- Acromegaly
- Addison's disease
- Alcohol
- BCG vaccine
- Behavioral or psychogenic water drinking
- Caffeine
- Chemotherapeutic agents
- Cidofovir
- Congestive heart failure
- Cushing's syndrome
- Cystitis
- Diabetes insipidus
- Diabetes mellitus
- Diuretics
- Emphysematous cystitis
- Enlarged prostate from disease or benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Fanconi syndrome/renal glycosuria
- Glomerulonephritis
- high doses of riboflavin
- Hyperaldosteronism/Conn's syndrome
- Hypercalcaemia
- Hypercalcemia (most commonly from cancer)
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypokalemia
- hypopituitarism
- Interstitial cystitis
- Interstitial nephritis
- Intestinal obstruction (occurs after toxins begin to be absorbed from the damaged intestine)
- Liver failure/ cirrhosis
- Lupus or other connective tissue disease related cystitis
- Neurologic damage
- Partial obstruction of the urinary tract
- Pheochromocytoma
- Polycythemia
- Pregnancy
- Pyometra in certain animals or appendicitis in humans
- Reactive arthritis/Reiter's syndrome
- Renal Tubular Acidosis
- SIADH
- Side effect of lithium to treat manic disorders see lithium thirst
- Sjogren's Syndrome
- Squamous cell carcinoma of lung (a paraneoplastic consequence)
- Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
- Urinary tract infection - although it more commonly causes frequent passage of small volumes of urine rather than a large volume