Peritonsillar abscess causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Prince Tano Djan, BSc, MBChB [2]

Overview

Causes

Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) usually arises as a complication of an untreated or partially treated episode of acute tonsillitis. The infection, in these cases, spreads to the peritonsillar area (peritonsillitis). This region comprises of loose connective tissue and is hence susceptible to formation of abscess. Peritonsilar abscess can also occur de novo. Both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria can be causative.^[1]^[1]

Life-threatening causes

There as no life-threatening causes of peritonsillar abscess.^[2]^[1]

Most common cause

The most frequent pathogen of peritonsillar abscess is Streptococcus pyogenes.^[2]^[1]^[3]^[4]

Common causes

Some common causes of peritonsillar abscess include:^[2]^[1]

Less common causes

Less common causes of peritonsillar abscess include:^[2]^[1]

Porphyromonas

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Acinetobacter, Candida albicans, Enterobacter, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Haemophilus, Klebsiella, Peptostreptococcus, Prevotella, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant Staphilococcus aureus ), Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus milleri, Streptococcus pyogenes (group a streptococcus), Veillonella species
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

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Acinetobacter spp.
Candida albicans
Enterobacter spp.
Fusobacterium necrophorum
Haemophilus
Klebsiella
Peptostreptococcus spp.
Prevotella
Pseudomonas spp.
[[Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant s. aureus [mrsa])]]
Streptococcus anginosus
Streptococcus milleri
[[Streptococcus pyogenes (group a streptococcus [gas])]]
Veillonella species

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 Megalamani SB, Suria G, Manickam U, Balasubramanian D, Jothimahalingam S (2008). "Changing trends in bacteriology of peritonsillar abscess". J Laryngol Otol. 122 (9): 928–30. doi:10.1017/S0022215107001144. PMID 18039418.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Brook I (2004). "Microbiology and management of peritonsillar, retropharyngeal, and parapharyngeal abscesses". J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 62 (12): 1545–50. PMID 15573356.
↑ Snow DG, Campbell JB, Morgan DW (1991). "The microbiology of peritonsillar sepsis". J Laryngol Otol. 105 (7): 553–5. PMID 1875138.
↑ Matsuda A, Tanaka H, Kanaya T, Kamata K, Hasegawa M (2002). "Peritonsillar abscess: a study of 724 cases in Japan". Ear Nose Throat J. 81 (6): 384–9. PMID 12092281.

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[pmid18039418-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 Megalamani SB, Suria G, Manickam U, Balasubramanian D, Jothimahalingam S (2008). "Changing trends in bacteriology of peritonsillar abscess". J Laryngol Otol. 122 (9): 928–30. doi:10.1017/S0022215107001144. PMID 18039418.

[pmid15573356-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Brook I (2004). "Microbiology and management of peritonsillar, retropharyngeal, and parapharyngeal abscesses". J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 62 (12): 1545–50. PMID 15573356.

[pmid1875138-3] Snow DG, Campbell JB, Morgan DW (1991). "The microbiology of peritonsillar sepsis". J Laryngol Otol. 105 (7): 553–5. PMID 1875138.

[pmid12092281-4] Matsuda A, Tanaka H, Kanaya T, Kamata K, Hasegawa M (2002). "Peritonsillar abscess: a study of 724 cases in Japan". Ear Nose Throat J. 81 (6): 384–9. PMID 12092281.

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