Gynecomastia classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]

Overview

Gynecomastia may be classified into 11 classification syste,ms based on a total of 10 breast characteristics

• Breast size
• skin redundancy
• skin elasticity
• Breast ptosis
• Tissue predominance
• Upper Abdominal Laxity
• Nipple malposition
• Tuberosity
• Chest shape and Absence of sternal notch
• Breast Skin Elasticity

Classification

First Author	Year	Method of classification	Classification system
Simon	1973	Physical	Grade 1: Small visible breast enlargement, no skin redundancy Grade 2a: Moderate breast enlargement without skin redundancy Grade 2b: Moderate breast enlargement with skin redundancy Grade 3: Marked breast enlargement with marked skin redundancy
Rohrich	2003	Physical/Tissue type	Grade 1 : Minimal hyperteophy, (less than 250g of tissue) without ptosis 1a : Primary glandular 1b : Primarily fibrous Grade 2 : moderate hypertrophy (250-500g of breast tissue) without ptosis 2a : Primarily glandular 2b : primarily fibrous Grade 3 : Severe hypertrophy (>500g of breast tissue with grade 1 ptosis glandular or fibrou

The spectrum of gynecomastia severity has been categorized into a grading system:

• Grade I: Minor enlargement, no skin excess
• Grade II: Moderate enlargement, no skin excess
• Grade III: Moderate enlargement, skin excess
• Grade IV: Marked enlargement, skin excess