Acute viral nasopharyngitis epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Upper respiratory tract infections are the most common infectious diseases among adults, who have two to four respiratory infections annually.[1] Children may have six to ten colds a year (and up to 12 colds a year for school children).[2] In the United States, the incidence of colds is higher in the fall and winter, with most infections occurring between September and April. The seasonality may be due to the start of the school year, or due to people spending more time indoors (thus in closer proximity with each other) increasing the chance of transmission of the virus.
Common cold is the most common human infection worldwide. In average, adults get 2-3 influenza bouts/year and children get 6-10 infections/year.[1] Children may have six to ten colds a year (and up to 12 colds a year for school children).[2]
Age
Infection is more common in infants and elderly due to decreased immunity. Elderly > 65 years tend to have more severe form of the disease and to develop complications.
Sex
Males are more commonly affected with common cold than females in all age groups. This is especially true in young children and in elderly.
Race:
Native Americans and Inuits are more likely to have the infection and develop complications.
Developing and developed countries:
Acute viral pharyngitis is prevalent worldwide with no specific prediliction.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Garibaldi RA (1985). "Epidemiology of community-acquired respiratory tract infections in adults. Incidence, etiology, and impact". Am. J. Med. 78 (6B): 32–7. PMID 4014285.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Simasek M, Blandino DA (2007). "Treatment of the common cold". American family physician. 75 (4): 515–20. PMID 17323712.