Mastoiditis CT
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Mastoiditis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mehrian Jafarizade, M.D [2]
Overview
CT
High Resolution CT scans of the temporal bone in mastoiditis patients may reveal complications, such as the following: [1][2][3][4][5]
Acute mastoiditis
- Partial-to-complete opacification of mastoid air cells due to fluid accumulation and thickening of the mucosa that lines the middle ear.
- Erosion of mastoid air cell bony septum
- Mastoid cortex destruction and irregularity
- Periosteal thickening, periosteal disruption,
- subperiosteal abscess.
Sub acute and chronic mastoiditis
Primary imaging findings for chronic mastoiditis include the following:
- Markers for inflammation.
- Sclerosis or opacification of mastoid process
- Tympanic membrane changes: thickening, retraction, tympanic membrane perforation or calcification
- Ossicle erosion or other possible causes for hearing loss.
- Determination of cholesteatoma.
- Intratemporal complications: petrositis, labyrinthitis, subperiosteal abscess, labyrinthine fistula
- Intracranial complications: brain abscess, meningitis
- Presence of fibrous tissue.
- Tympanosclerosis.
- Formation of new bone matter.
- Ossicle erosion and displacement.
- Extension of cholesteatoma to sinuses
References
- ↑ Lin HW, Shargorodsky J, Gopen Q (2010). "Clinical strategies for the management of acute mastoiditis in the pediatric population". Clin Pediatr (Phila). 49 (2): 110–5. doi:10.1177/0009922809344349. PMID 19734439.
- ↑ Stähelin-Massik J, Podvinec M, Jakscha J, Rüst ON, Greisser J, Moschopulos M, Gnehm HE (2008). "Mastoiditis in children: a prospective, observational study comparing clinical presentation, microbiology, computed tomography, surgical findings and histology". Eur. J. Pediatr. 167 (5): 541–8. doi:10.1007/s00431-007-0549-1. PMID 17668240.
- ↑ Trojanowska A, Drop A, Trojanowski P, Rosińska-Bogusiewicz K, Klatka J, Bobek-Billewicz B (2012). "External and middle ear diseases: radiological diagnosis based on clinical signs and symptoms". Insights Imaging. 3 (1): 33–48. doi:10.1007/s13244-011-0126-z. PMC 3292638. PMID 22695997.
- ↑ Pellegrini S, Gonzalez Macchi ME, Sommerfleck PA, Bernáldez PC (2012). "Intratemporal complications from acute otitis media in children: 17 cases in two years". Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 63 (1): 21–5. doi:10.1016/j.otorri.2011.06.007. PMID 21982482.
- ↑ van den Aardweg MT, Rovers MM, de Ru JA, Albers FW, Schilder AG (2008). "A systematic review of diagnostic criteria for acute mastoiditis in children". Otol. Neurotol. 29 (6): 751–7. doi:10.1097/MAO.0b013e31817f736b. PMID 18617870.