Pituitary apoplexy natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Complications

Complications of untreated pituitary apoplexy can include;

• Adrenal crisis
• Vision loss
• Diplopia
• Hypothyroidism
• Hypogonadism
• Growth hormone deficiency

Prognosis

Acute pituitary apoplexy can be life-threatening. Emergent application of medical and surgical treatment is associated with greater improvement in visual field defects, visual acuity, and diplopia. The outlook is good for people who have chronic hormone deficiency that is diagnosed and treated. Patients require hormone(s) replacement therapy for life.