Acute viral nasopharyngitis physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Overview
Usually, patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis appear ill. Physical examination of patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis is usually remarkable for runny nose, hyperemic nasal mucosa, and mild cervical lymphadenopathy.
Physical examination
Common cold is defined as nose inflammation, along with various degrees of pharynx inflammation.[1]
Appearance of the patient
Patient usually appears ill.
Vital signs
Temperature
- Fever is not present, commonly. However, fever points more toward influenza than acute viral nasopharyngitis.
Blood pressure
- Blood pressure is usually remained within normal limits.
Pulse rate
Respiration rate
- Tachypnea may be present.
Eyes
- Conjunctivae may be congested, with tearing of both eyes.
Head
- Tenderness of sinuses may be elicited, if sinusitis ensues.
- Cervical lymph nodes may be enlarged without tenderness.
Nose
- Nasal mucosa is usually red and hyperemic.
- Discharge may be in various colors, from yellow to green. However, it has no indication of the causative organism.[1]
Throat
- Pharynx usually is normal on inspection. However, it may get inflamed with the infection spread. [2]
Lungs
- Lungs are typically clear to auscultation.
- Crackles and rhonchi may be found, if lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia ensue.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Heikkinen T, Järvinen A (2003). "The common cold". Lancet. 361 (9351): 51–9. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12162-9. PMID 12517470.
- ↑ Eccles R (2005). "Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza". Lancet Infect Dis. 5 (11): 718–25. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X. PMID 16253889.