Acute viral nasopharyngitis physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Overview
Usually, patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis appear ill. Physical examination of patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis is usually remarkable for: runny nose, hyperemic nasal mucosa, and mild cervical lymphadenopathy.
Physical examination
Common cold is defined as nose inflammation, along with various degrees of pharynx inflammation.[1]
Appearance of the patient
Patient usually appears ill.
Vital signs
Temperature
- Fever is not present, commonly. However, fever points more toward influenza than acute viral nasopharyngitis.
Blood pressure
- Blood pressure is usually remained within normal limits.
Pulse rate
Respiration rate
- Tachypnea may be present.
Eyes
- Conjunctivae may be congested, with tearing of both eyes.
Head
- Tenderness of sinuses may be elicited, if sinusitis ensues.
- Cervical lymph nodes may be enlarged without tenderness.
Nose
- Nasal mucosa is usually red and hyperemic.
- Discharge may be in various colors, from yellow to green. However, it has no indication of the causative organism.[1]
Throat
- Pharynx usually is normal on inspection. However, it may get inflamed with the infection spread. [2]
Lungs
- Lungs are typically clear to auscultation.
- Crackles and rhonchi may be found, if lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia ensue.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Heikkinen T, Järvinen A (2003). "The common cold". Lancet. 361 (9351): 51–9. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12162-9. PMID 12517470.
- ↑ Eccles R (2005). "Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza". Lancet Infect Dis. 5 (11): 718–25. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X. PMID 16253889.