Zollinger-Ellison syndrome laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [2]
Overview
An elevated concentration of fasting serum gastrin level and secretin stimulation test may be helpful in the diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Laboratory Findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome include:[1][2][3][4]
- Fasting serum gastrin level:
- Gastrin level ≥ 120 pg/mL
- For accurate results, gastric antisecretory medications should be stopped
- Serum calcium:
- Increased levels of serum calcium may suggest multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)
- Gastric acid secretion tests:
- Basal acid output
- Basal gastric secretory volume
- Gastric pH ≤ 2 is highly suggestive of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Provocative tests:
- Diagnostic accuracy of imaging for localization of gastrinoma:
| Diagnostic accuracy of imaging for localization of gastrinoma | ||
| Modality | Sensitivity | Comments |
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References
- ↑ Berna MJ, Hoffmann KM, Long SH, Serrano J, Gibril F, Jensen RT (2006). "Serum gastrin in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: II. Prospective study of gastrin provocative testing in 293 patients from the National Institutes of Health and comparison with 537 cases from the literature. evaluation of diagnostic criteria, proposal of new criteria, and correlations with clinical and tumoral features". Medicine (Baltimore). 85 (6): 331–64. doi:10.1097/MD.0b013e31802b518c. PMID 17108779.
- ↑ Roy PK, Venzon DJ, Feigenbaum KM, Koviack PD, Bashir S, Ojeaburu JV; et al. (2001). "Gastric secretion in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Correlation with clinical expression, tumor extent and role in diagnosis--a prospective NIH study of 235 patients and a review of 984 cases in the literature". Medicine (Baltimore). 80 (3): 189–222. PMID 11388095.
- ↑ Romanus ME, Neal JA, Dilley WG, Leight GS, Linehan WM, Santen RJ; et al. (1983). "Comparison of four provocative tests for the diagnosis of gastrinoma". Ann Surg. 197 (5): 608–17. PMC 1353045. PMID 6847280.
- ↑ Tomassetti P, Campana D, Piscitelli L, Mazzotta E, Brocchi E, Pezzilli R; et al. (2005). "Treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome". World J Gastroenterol. 11 (35): 5423–32. PMC 4320348. PMID 16222731.