Psittacosis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [3]

Overview

Patients with psittacosis usually appear to be in significant respiratory distress. Physical examination of patients with psittacosis is usually remarkable for rose spots called Horder's spots that can appear anywhere on the body. Splenomegaly is frequent toward the end of the first week. Diagnosis can be suspected in case of respiratory infection associated with splenomegaly and/or epistaxis.

Physical Examination

Appearance

Patients with psittacosis usually appear to be in significant respiratory distress.^[1]

Vital Signs

Fever

Skin

Horder spots - macular rashes that resemble the rose spots of typhoid. These appear on the face
Erythema multiforme/erythema nodosum may be noticed^[2]

Eyes

In the case of hepatitis, jaundice may be noticed
Conjunctivitis in present in a few cases^[3]

Throat

Pharyngeal exudates (rare)

Heart

Bradycardia/tachycardia

Lungs

Consolidation may be suspected on percussion
Rales may be heard
Pleural rub can be noticed
Decrease in breath sounds

Abdomen

Splenomegaly can be noticed by the end of first week

Extremities

Arthritis in a few cases

Neurologic

Confusion
Seizure
Cranial nerve palsy of cranial nerves II, IV, VI and VII

References

↑ Yung AP, Grayson ML (1988). "Psittacosis--a review of 135 cases". Med J Aust. 148 (5): 228–33. PMID 3343952.
↑ Macheta MP, Ackrill P, August PJ (1994). "Psittacosis, panniculitis and clofazimine". J Infect. 28 (1): 69–71. PMID 8163836.
↑ Lietman T, Brooks D, Moncada J, Schachter J, Dawson C, Dean D (1998). "Chronic follicular conjunctivitis associated with Chlamydia psittaci or Chlamydia pneumoniae". Clin Infect Dis. 26 (6): 1335–40. PMID 9636859.

[pmid3343952-1] Yung AP, Grayson ML (1988). "Psittacosis--a review of 135 cases". Med J Aust. 148 (5): 228–33. PMID 3343952.

[pmid8163836-2] Macheta MP, Ackrill P, August PJ (1994). "Psittacosis, panniculitis and clofazimine". J Infect. 28 (1): 69–71. PMID 8163836.

[pmid9636859-3] Lietman T, Brooks D, Moncada J, Schachter J, Dawson C, Dean D (1998). "Chronic follicular conjunctivitis associated with Chlamydia psittaci or Chlamydia pneumoniae". Clin Infect Dis. 26 (6): 1335–40. PMID 9636859.

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