Diabetic ketoacidosis classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]

Overview

Classification

Classification based on severity

Diabetic ketoacidosis may be classified according to severity into the following types:

  • Mild DKA
  • Moderate DKA
  • Severe DKA
VARIABLE DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS
MILD (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL [13.88 MMOL PER L]) MODERATE (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL) SEVERE (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL)
Anion gap > 10 mEq per L (10 mmol per L) > 12 mEq per L (12 mmol per L) > 12 mEq per L (12 mmol per L)
Arterial pH 7.24 to 7.30 7.00 to < 7.24 < 7.00
Effective serum osmolality Variable Variable Variable
Mental status Alert Alert/drowsy Stupor/coma
Serum bicarbonate 15 to 18 mEq per L (15 to 18 mmol per L) 10 to < 15 mEq per L (10 to < 15 mmol per L) < 10 mEq per L (10 mmol per L)
Serum ketones Positive Positive Positive

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