Diabetes insipidus historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]
Overview
The history of diabetes insipidus dates as far back as the early 1670s when Thomas Willis noted that there was a difference in the taste of urine produced by different patients who presented with polyuria and polydipsia and this marked the beginning of the research into the difference between the popularly known diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus.
Historical Perspective
- In 1670, Thomas Willis, noted the difference in taste of urine from polyuric subjects compared with healthy individuals and started the differentiation of diabetes mellitus from diabetes insipidus.
- In 1794, Johann Peter Frank described polyuric patients excreting nonsaccharine urine and introduced the term of diabetes insipidus.
- In 1913, a historical milestone was achieved when Farini successfully used posterior pituitary extracts to treat diabetes insipidus.
- In the early 1920s the available evidence indicated diabetes insipidus as a disorder of the pituitary gland.
- In the early 1928, De Lange first observed that some patients with diabetes insipidus did not respond to posterior pituitary extracts.
- Forssman and Waring in 1945 established that the kidney had a critical role for these forms of diabetes insipidus resistant to this treatment.
- In 1947 Williams and Henry introduced the term nephrogenic diabetes insipidus for the congenital syndrome characterized by polyuria and renal concentrating defect resistant to vasopressin.
- In 1955, du Vigneaud received the 1955 Nobel Prize in chemistry for the first synthesis of the hormone vasopressin representing a milestone for the treatment of central diabetes insipidus.[1]