Thyroid nodule diagnostic study of choice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]
Overview
Diagnostic criteria
- Thyroid function should be assessed in all patients with thyroid nodules.
- Thyroid ultrasound should be performed in all patients with a suspected thyroid nodule or nodular goiter on physical examination or with nodules incidentally noted on other imaging studies
- Subsequent evaluation is based upon the TSH level and sonographic features of the nodule(s)
- Thyroid scintigraphy is used to determine the functional status of a nodule.
- Scintigraphy utilizes one of the radioisotopes of iodine (usually 123-I) or technetium-99m pertechnetate. If available, radioiodine scanning is preferred.
Ultrasound indicating critera
- Suspected thyroid nodule
- Nodular goiter
- Radiographic abnormality
- Nodule found incidentally on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Thyroidal uptake on 18FDG-PET scan
Diagnostic approach
FIRE
Abbreviations:
TSH: Thyroid stimulating hormone, FNA: Fine needle aspiration, FLUS: Follicular lesion of undetermined significance, AUS: Atypia of undetermined significance.
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