Celiac disease classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Celiac disease (CD) may be classified according to the burden of symptoms and laboratory findings into 5 sub groups as, classical, atypical, asymptomatic, latent, and potential CD.

Classification

Celiac disease (CD) may be classified according to burden of symptoms into five sub groups:

• Classical
• Atypical
• Asymptomatic
• Latent
• Potential CD

Type	Characteristics
Classical	Classic CD has typical feature of gastrointestinal symptoms and signs (eg, chronic diarrhea) and extraintestinal symptoms and signs (eg, anaemia, neuropathy, decreased bone density, increased risk of fractures)
Atypical	Atypical CD presents with minor gastrointestinal symptoms and signs and is associated with some rare manifestations, such as anemia, dental enamel defects, osteoporosis, arthritis, increased transaminases, neurological symptoms, or infertility.
Asymptomatic	Silent CD is defined as the presence of positive CD-specific antibodies, HLA, and small-bowel biopsy findings that are compatible with CD but without sufficient symptoms and signs to warrant clinical suspicion of CD.
Latent	Latent CD is defined by the presence of compatible HLA but without enteropathy in a patient who has had a gluten-dependent enteropathy at some point in his or her life. The patient may or may not have symptoms and may or may not have CD-specific antibodies.
Potential CD	Potential CD is defined by the presence of CD-specific antibodies and compatible HLA but without histological abnormalities in duodenal biopsies. The patient may or may not have symptoms and signs and may or may not develop a gluten dependent enteropathy later.