Cholera classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2], Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [3], Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [4]

Overview

Vibrio cholerae is classified into more than 200 serogroups, which can cause epidemic cholera only if they also produce the cholera toxin. The two serogroups that fall into this category include serogroup O1 and serogroup O139.

Classification

Vibrio cholerae has many different types, or "serogroups." Only two of these serogroups can cause epidemic cholera because they also produce the cholera toxin. Those two serogroups include:

• Serogroup O1
• Serogroup O139 (found only in Asia)

Serogroups which can cause a less severe diarrheal disease and does not have epidemic potential include:

• Non-O1 and non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (third most commonly reported group of Vibrio bacteria)