Thyroid nodule causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]
Overview
The most important causes of thyroid nodule development include: Multinodular (sporadic) goiter, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, cysts, macrofollicular/microfollicular adenomas, childhood radioiodine exposure, familial history, and gene mutations include N&H ras, RET, Gsp, C-MET (α and β subunit), TRK, EGF / EGF-R, and P53 mutation.
Causes
The most important causes of thyroid nodule development include:[1][2][3]
- Causes of benign thyroid nodule:
- Multinodular (sporadic) goiter ("colloid adenoma")
- Hashimoto's (chronic lymphocytic) thyroiditis
- Cysts (colloid, simple, or hemorrhagic)
- Follicular adenomas
- Macrofollicular adenomas
- Microfollicular or cellular adenomas
- Hürthle cell (oxyphil cell) adenomas
- Macro- or microfollicular patterns
- Causes of malignant nodule mutations:
- Childhood radioiodine exposure
- Familial history
The most important genes which their mutation can lead to thyroid cancer include:[1][2][3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bomeli SR, LeBeau SO, Ferris RL (2010). "Evaluation of a thyroid nodule". Otolaryngol. Clin. North Am. 43 (2): 229–38, vii. doi:10.1016/j.otc.2010.01.002. PMC 2879398. PMID 20510711.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Jena A, Patnayak R, Prakash J, Sachan A, Suresh V, Lakshmi AY (2015). "Malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule: A clinicoradiopathological evaluation". Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 19 (4): 498–503. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.159056. PMC 4481656. PMID 26180765.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Chibishev A, Simonovska N, Shikole A (2010). "Post-corrosive injuries of upper gastrointestinal tract". Prilozi. 31 (1): 297–316. PMID 20693948.