Sandbox cerebral palsy

Pathophysiology

Mucosal barrier

• The gastric mucosa is protected from the acidic environment by mucus, bicarbonate, prostaglandins, and blood flow.
• This mucosal barrier consists of three protective components which include:
  • Layer of epithelial cells lining.
  • Layer of mucus, secreted by surface epithelial cells and Foveolar cells.
  • Bicarbonate ions, secreted by the surface epithelial cells.

Mechanism of Action

• The insoluble mucus forms a protective gel-like coating over the entire surface of the gastric mucosa.
• The mucus protects the gastric mucosa from autodigestion by e.g. pepsin and from erosion by acids and other caustic materials that are ingested.
• The bicarbonate ions act to neutralize harsh acids.
• If the balance of gastric acid secretion and mucosal defenses is disrupted, acid interacts with the epithelium to cause damage