Pancreatic cancer risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Risk Factors
- The most potent risk factors for Pancreatic cancer include smoking, alcoholism, increased BMI, diabetes mellitus, chronic pancreatitis and a family history of pancreatic cancer.
- Individuals with the following conditions are also at an increased risk of pancreatic cancer:[1]
- Hereditary pancreatitis
- Familial pancreatic cancer
- Peutz-Jeghers disease
- Familial atypical mole melanoma
- Cystic fibrosis of pancreas,
- Familial cancer syndromes such as:
- Lynch syndrome
- Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
- Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer-BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations
- Risk factors for Pancreatic cancer are illustrated in the following tables:
- Risk factors for Pancreatic Cancers:[2]
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- Risk Factors and Inherited Syndromes associated with Pancreatic Cancer:[3]
| Risk Factors and Inherited Syndromes associated with Pancreatic Cancer | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Risk Factor | Approximate Risk | ||
| Smoking | 2-3 % | ||
| Long-standing Diabetes mellitus | 2 % | ||
| Nonhereditery and Chronic Pancreatitis | 2-6 % | ||
| Obesity, Inactivity or both | 2 % | ||
| Non O Blood Group | 1-2 % | ||
| Genetic Syndrome and Associated Gene or Genes | |||
| Hereditary pancreatitis (PRSS1, SPINK1) | 50 % | ||
| Familial atypical multiple mole and melanoma syndrome (p16) | 10-20 % | ||
| Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2) | 1-2 % | ||
| Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (STK11 [LKB1]) | 30-40 % | ||
| Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (Lynch syndrome) (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6) | 4 % | ||
| Ataxia-telangiectasia (ATM) | Unknown | ||
| Li-Fraumeni syndrome (P53) | Unknown | ||
References
- ↑ Goral V (2015). "Pancreatic Cancer: Pathogenesis and Diagnosis". Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 16 (14): 5619–24. PMID 26320426.
- ↑ Bond-Smith G, Banga N, Hammond TM, Imber CJ (2012). "Pancreatic adenocarcinoma". BMJ. 344: e2476. doi:10.1136/bmj.e2476. PMID 22592847.
- ↑ Ryan DP, Hong TS, Bardeesy N (2014). "Pancreatic adenocarcinoma". N Engl J Med. 371 (11): 1039–49. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1404198. PMID 25207767.