Hypoglycemia history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]
Overview
Hypoglycemic symptoms and manifestations can be divided into those produced by the counterregulatory hormones: adrenergic symptoms include anxiety, nervousness, tremor, Palpitations, Sweating, coldness. Glucagon induced manifestations include Hunger, nausea, vomiting. Neuroglycopenic Manifestations are irritability, weakness, apathy, lethargy, Confusion, and amnesia.
History and symptoms
- Hypoglycemic symptoms can be divided into those produced by the counterregulatory hormones (adrenaline and glucagon) triggered by the falling glucose and the neuroglycopenic effects produced by the reduced brain sugar.
- Attacks may occur in the fasting or postprandial state.
Common symptoms:
Adrenergic Manifestations [1][2]
Glucagon Manifestations
Less common symptoms:
Neuroglycopenic Manifestations [3][4]
- Nonspecific symptoms, such as dysphoria and anxiety
- Irritability
- Fatigue, weakness, apathy, lethargy, daydreaming
- Confusion, amnesia, dizziness, delirium
- Blurred vision, double vision
- Slurred speech
- Paresthesias
- Headache
- Stupor
- Generalized or focal seizures
References
- ↑ Towler DA, Havlin CE, Craft S, Cryer P (1993). "Mechanism of awareness of hypoglycemia. Perception of neurogenic (predominantly cholinergic) rather than neuroglycopenic symptoms". Diabetes. 42 (12): 1791–8. PMID 8243825.
- ↑ Hepburn DA, Deary IJ, Frier BM, Patrick AW, Quinn JD, Fisher BM (1991). "Symptoms of acute insulin-induced hypoglycemia in humans with and without IDDM. Factor-analysis approach". Diabetes Care. 14 (11): 949–57. PMID 1797507.
- ↑ Towler DA, Havlin CE, Craft S, Cryer P (1993). "Mechanism of awareness of hypoglycemia. Perception of neurogenic (predominantly cholinergic) rather than neuroglycopenic symptoms". Diabetes. 42 (12): 1791–8. PMID 8243825.
- ↑ Cryer PE (2007). "Hypoglycemia, functional brain failure, and brain death". J Clin Invest. 117 (4): 868–70. doi:10.1172/JCI31669. PMC 1838950. PMID 17404614.