Anxiety medical therapy
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Anxiety Microchapters |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Anxiety medical therapy |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
The mainstay of therapy for anxiety is the administration of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy
Antidepressant]]s Benzodiazepines (some concern over dependency), buspirone, tricyclic antidepressants ,SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)
Medical Therapy
Pharmacotherapy
| Evidence base | Relative risk of non-response |
Relative risk of Drug toxicity | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sertraline | Trials: 2 (706 patients) |
0.70* | 1.1 Nausea Sexual |
| Venlafaxine | Trials: 12 (3470 patients) |
0.80* | 2.06* Nausea Sexual Insomnia |
| Citalopram | Trials: 1 (34 patients) |
0.46* | 3.0 |
| Escitalopram | Trials: 6 (2136 patients) |
0.78 | 1.72* Nausea Sexual |
| Paroxetine | Trials: 8 (2748 patients) |
0.91 | 2.5* Nausea Sexual Insomnia |
| Pregabalin | Trials: 8 (2079 patients) |
0.79* | 1.3 Dizziness Fatigue |
| Buspirone | Trials: 5 (806 patients) |
0.87 | 2.0* Nausea Dizziness |
| Hydroxyzine | Trials: 3 (482 patients) |
0.81 | 1.48 Little short term toxicity |
| Alprazolam | Trials: 4 (544 patients) |
0.87 | 1.3 Little short term toxicity |
| * P< 0.05 | |||
Psychotherapy
- CBT is a type of psychotherapy that can help people with anxiety disorders. It teaches a person different ways of thinking, behaving, and reacting to anxiety-producing and fearful situations. CBT can also help people learn and practice social skills, which is vital for treating social anxiety disorder.
- Two specific stand-alone components of CBT used to treat social anxiety disorder are cognitive therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive therapy focuses on identifying, challenging, and then neutralizing unhelpful thoughts underlying anxiety disorders.
- Exposure therapy focuses on confronting the fears underlying an anxiety disorder in order to help people engage in activities they have been avoiding. Exposure therapy is used along with relaxation exercises and/or imagery. One study, called a meta-analysis because it pulls together all of the previous studies and calculates the statistical magnitude of the combined effects, found that cognitive therapy was superior to exposure therapy for treating social anxiety disorder.
- CBT may be conducted individually or with a group of people who have similar problems. Group therapy is particularly effective for social anxiety disorder. Often “homework” is assigned for participants to complete between sessions.[2]
References
- ↑ National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2011). Generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia) in adults
- ↑ Kivity Y, Huppert JD (2016). "Does cognitive reappraisal reduce anxiety? A daily diary study of a micro-intervention with individuals with high social anxiety". J Consult Clin Psychol. 84 (3): 269–83. doi:10.1037/ccp0000075. PMID 26795939.