Tongue cancer differential diagnosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]
Overview
Tongue cancer must be differentiated from other diseases that cause malignant lesions of the oral cavity and from few non-neoplastic lesions of the oral cavity, such as lymphoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, infections at the floor of mouth and mandible, and normal adenoid tissue for lesions at base of tongue.[1]
Differential Diagnosis
The differential diagnosis for a squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is essentially that of other malignant lesions of the oral cavity as well as a few non-neoplastic lesions. It includes the following:[1]
- Other malignancy
- Infection: more a concern for floor of mouth lesions, or those with involvement of the mandible
- Normal adenoidal tissue: for base of tongue lesions
| Site | Clinical presentation | Investigations | Others | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infections | Tuberculosis | Dorsum | ||||
| Scarlet fever | ||||||
| Syphilis | Dorsum | |||||
| Benign neoplasms | Papilloma | Dorsum and lateral borders | ||||
| Fibroma | Dorsum and lateral borders | |||||
| Rhabdomyoma | ||||||
| Leiomyoma | ||||||
| Schwannoma | Dorsum and lateral borders | |||||
| Neurofibroma | Dorsum and lateral borders | |||||
| Granular cell tumor | ||||||
| Malignant neoplasms | Squamous cell carcinotna | |||||
| Malignant salivary gland tumors | Ventral and dorsum | |||||
| Metastatic tumor | ||||||
| Sarcoma | ||||||
| Idiopathic | Benign migratory glossitis | Dorsum | ||||
| Hairy tongue | ||||||
| Metablic | Diabetes mellitus | |||||
| Hypothyroidism | ||||||
| Acromegaly | ||||||
| Vitamin B deficiency | Dorsum | |||||
| Amyloidosis | Enlarged tongue
Decrease in lingual mobility Difficulty in chewing, swallowing and speaking |
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Radiopedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/squamous-cell-carcinoma-of-the-tongue Accessed on November 16, 2015