Gallstone disease natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]

Overview

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

Complications

Common complications of gallbladder disease include:
- Acute cholecystitis
- Gall bladder perforation
- Obstructive jaundice
- Gallbladder perforation
- Choledocholithiasis with or without acute cholangitis
- Gallbladder fistula
- Cholangiocarcinoma
- Gallstone pancreatitis
- Gallstone ileus^[1]

Prognosis

The prognosis in patients with Gallstone disease is dependent upon the occurence and severity of complications. The category of patients who refuse or are unfit for surgery will remain asymptomatic 45% of the time, whilst 55% will have varying degrees of complications.^[2]

References

↑ Friedman GD (1993). "Natural history of asymptomatic and symptomatic gallstones". Am. J. Surg. 165 (4): 399–404. PMID 8480871.
↑ Julliard O, Hauters P, Possoz J, Malvaux P, Landenne J, Gherardi D (2016). "Incisional hernia after single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy: incidence and predictive factors". Surg Endosc. 30 (10): 4539–43. doi:10.1007/s00464-016-4790-4. PMID 26895902.

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[pmid8480871-1] Friedman GD (1993). "Natural history of asymptomatic and symptomatic gallstones". Am. J. Surg. 165 (4): 399–404. PMID 8480871.

[pmid26895902-2] Julliard O, Hauters P, Possoz J, Malvaux P, Landenne J, Gherardi D (2016). "Incisional hernia after single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy: incidence and predictive factors". Surg Endosc. 30 (10): 4539–43. doi:10.1007/s00464-016-4790-4. PMID 26895902.

[1]

[2]