Lactose intolerance epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahda Alihashemi M.D. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- The prevalence of lactose intolerance is approximately 75000 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[1]
- In North America, the prevalence of lactose intolerance:
- Native America: 79000 per 100,000 individuals
- Black: 75000 per 100,000 individuals
- Hispanics: 51000 per 100,000 individuals
- Caucasians: 21000 per 100,000 individuals
- In Latin America, Africa, and Asia prevalence rates range from 15-100% depending on the population studied.
Age
- The prevalence of lactose intoleance are low in children younger than six years [2][3]
- The prevalence of lactose intoleance inceresed with age
Race
- Lactose intolerance usually affects individuals of the:[4][5]
- African Americans
- Hispanics
- Asians
- Asian Americans
- Native Americans
- Europeans and European Americans individuals are less likely to develop lactose intolerance.
Gender
- Lactose intolerance affects men and women equally.
Region
- The majority of lactose intolerance cases are reported in Far East.[6]
- Around the North Sea, in Northwestern Europe has the lowest prevalence of lactose intolerance.
- High rates of lactase intolerance in Africa:[7]
- Nigeria
- Malawi
- Sudan
- Ethiopia
- Uganda
- Low rates of lactose intolerance in Africa:
- Cameroon
- Mali
- South Africa
- Morocco
- Congenital lactase deficiency is a rare disease that tends to affect Finnish population.[8]
Developing Countries
- Secondary lactase deficiency is more common in children, particularly in developing countries due to high prevalence of infections. [9]
References
- ↑ Silanikove N, Leitner G, Merin U (2015). "The Interrelationships between Lactose Intolerance and the Modern Dairy Industry: Global Perspectives in Evolutional and Historical Backgrounds". Nutrients. 7 (9): 7312–31. doi:10.3390/nu7095340. PMC 4586535. PMID 26404364.
- ↑ Rao DR, Bello H, Warren AP, Brown GE (1994). "Prevalence of lactose maldigestion. Influence and interaction of age, race, and sex". Dig. Dis. Sci. 39 (7): 1519–24. PMID 8026265.
- ↑ Di Stefano M, Veneto G, Malservisi S, Strocchi A, Corazza GR (2001). "Lactose malabsorption and intolerance in the elderly". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 36 (12): 1274–8. PMID 11761016.
- ↑ Scrimshaw NS, Murray EB (1988). "The acceptability of milk and milk products in populations with a high prevalence of lactose intolerance". Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 48 (4 Suppl): 1079–159. PMID 3140651.
- ↑ Itan Y, Jones BL, Ingram CJ, Swallow DM, Thomas MG (2010). "A worldwide correlation of lactase persistence phenotype and genotypes". BMC Evol. Biol. 10: 36. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-36. PMC 2834688. PMID 20144208.
- ↑ Sahi T (1994). "Genetics and epidemiology of adult-type hypolactasia". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. 202: 7–20. PMID 8042019.
- ↑ Mattar R, de Campos Mazo DF, Carrilho FJ (2012). "Lactose intolerance: diagnosis, genetic, and clinical factors". Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 5: 113–21. doi:10.2147/CEG.S32368. PMC 3401057. PMID 22826639.
- ↑ Järvelä I, Enattah NS, Kokkonen J, Varilo T, Savilahti E, Peltonen L (1998). "Assignment of the locus for congenital lactase deficiency to 2q21, in the vicinity of but separate from the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase gene". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 63 (4): 1078–85. PMC 1377496. PMID 9758622.
- ↑ Bhatnagar S, Aggarwal R (2007). "Lactose intolerance". BMJ. 334 (7608): 1331–2. doi:10.1136/bmj.39252.524375.80. PMC 1906652. PMID 17599979.