ADARB1

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDs	GeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADARB1 gene.

This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for pre-mRNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunit B by site-specific deamination of adenosines. Studies in rats found that this enzyme acted on its own pre-mRNA molecules to convert an AA dinucleotide to an AI dinucleotide which resulted in a new splice site. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants, some of which have been characterized by the presence or absence of an ALU cassette insert and a short or long C-terminal region.

ADAR2 requires the small molecule inositol hexakisphosphate (IP₆) for proper function.

External links

• Human ADARB1 genome location and ADARB1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Further reading

• Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C, et al. (1997). "HIV-1 envelope gp120 and viral particles block adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26". Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 421: 185–92. doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9613-1_24. PMID 9330696.
• Melcher T, Maas S, Herb A, et al. (1996). "A mammalian RNA editing enzyme". Nature. 379 (6564): 460–4. doi:10.1038/379460a0. PMID 8559253.
• O'Connell MA, Gerber A, Keller W (1997). "Purification of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) involved in editing of brain glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1): 473–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.1.473. PMID 8995285.
• Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C, et al. (1997). "Adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26 is inhibited by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 and viral particles". J. Immunol. 158 (8): 3721–9. PMID 9103436.
• Lai F, Chen CX, Carter KC, Nishikura K (1997). "Editing of glutamate receptor B subunit ion channel RNAs by four alternatively spliced DRADA2 double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminases". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (5): 2413–24. PMC 232090. PMID 9111310.
• Yang JH, Sklar P, Axel R, Maniatis T (1997). "Purification and characterization of a human RNA adenosine deaminase for glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA editing". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (9): 4354–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.9.4354. PMC 20726. PMID 9113993.
• Gerber A, O'Connell MA, Keller W (1997). "Two forms of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) generated by the insertion of an Alu cassette". RNA. 3 (5): 453–63. PMC 1369496. PMID 9149227.
• Villard L, Tassone F, Haymowicz M, et al. (1997). "Map location, genomic organization and expression patterns of the human RED1 RNA editase". Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 23 (2): 135–45. doi:10.1007/BF02679972. PMID 9330641.
• Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, et al. (2000). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21". Nature. 405 (6784): 311–9. doi:10.1038/35012518. PMID 10830953.
• Blanco J, Valenzuela A, Herrera C, et al. (2000). "The HIV-1 gp120 inhibits the binding of adenosine deaminase to CD26 by a mechanism modulated by CD4 and CXCR4 expression". FEBS Lett. 477 (1–2): 123–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01751-8. PMID 10899322.
• Herrera C, Morimoto C, Blanco J, et al. (2001). "Comodulation of CXCR4 and CD26 in human lymphocytes". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19532–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004586200. PMID 11278278.
• Maas S, Patt S, Schrey M, Rich A (2002). "Underediting of glutamate receptor GluR-B mRNA in malignant gliomas". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (25): 14687–92. doi:10.1073/pnas.251531398. PMC 64742. PMID 11717408.
• Jayan GC, Casey JL (2002). "Increased RNA editing and inhibition of hepatitis delta virus replication by high-level expression of ADAR1 and ADAR2". J. Virol. 76 (8): 3819–27. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.8.3819-3827.2002. PMC 136091. PMID 11907222.
• Jaikaran DC, Collins CH, MacMillan AM (2002). "Adenosine to inosine editing by ADAR2 requires formation of a ternary complex on the GluR-B R/G site". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (40): 37624–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204126200. PMID 12163487.
• Jayan GC, Casey JL (2002). "Inhibition of hepatitis delta virus RNA editing by short inhibitory RNA-mediated knockdown of ADAR1 but not ADAR2 expression". J. Virol. 76 (23): 12399–404. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.23.12399-12404.2002. PMC 136899. PMID 12414985.
• Slavov D, Gardiner K (2003). "Phylogenetic comparison of the pre-mRNA adenosine deaminase ADAR2 genes and transcripts: conservation and diversity in editing site sequence and alternative splicing patterns". Gene. 299 (1–2): 83–94. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01016-8. PMID 12459255.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.