Gastrointestinal perforation causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]

Overview

Causes of intestinal perforation in neonates

  • Necrotising enterocolitis
  • Spontaneous
  • Iatrogenic
  • Umbilical catheterisation
  • Umbilical cord clamping
  • Nasogastric tube
  • Obstruction
  • Ileal atresia
  • Gastric volvulus
  • Gastroschisis
  • Perforated inguinal hernia
  • Malrotation/midgut volvulus
  • Congenital band

Causes of spontaneous intestinal perforation in adults:

  • Crohn’s disease
  • Celiac disease
  • Graft-vs-host disease
  • Infections:
  • Viral: Cytomegalovirus
  • Bacteria: Salmonella paratyphi, mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Parasites: Ascaris lumbricoides
  • Protozoa: Entameba histolytica
  • Drugs: NSAIDs and indomethacin
  • Enteric-coated potassium chloride
  • Monoclonal antibodies: Bevicuzimab
  • Meckel’s diverticulum
  • Radiation-induced vascular injury
  • Atherosclerotic vascular occlusion
  • Buerger’s disease
  • Giant cell arteritis
  • Wegener’s granulomatosis
  • Henoch-schonlein purpura
  • Allergic granulomatous arteritis

References

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