Gallbladder cancer screening

Revision as of 03:28, 23 January 2018 by Gunnam (talk | contribs) (/*  FDG-PET scan{{cite journal|last1=Corvera|first1=Carlos U.|last2=Blumgart|first2=Leslie H.|last3=Akhurst|first3=Timothy|last4=DeMatteo|first4=Ronald P.|last5=D’Angelica|first5=Michael|last6=Fong|first6=Yuman|last7=Jarnagin|first7=William Robert|t...)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Gallbladder cancer Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Differentiating Gallbladder cancer from other Diseases

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

CT

MRI

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Palliative Treatment

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Gallbladder cancer screening On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Gallbladder cancer screening

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Gallbladder cancer screening

CDC on Gallbladder cancer screening

Gallbladder cancer screening in the news

Blogs on Gallbladder cancer screening

Directions to Hospitals Treating Gallbladder cancer

Risk calculators and risk factors for Gallbladder cancer screening

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, gallbladder cancer may be diagnosed as an accidental finding in patients who undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Screening

Ultrasound

  • when gallbladder pathology is suspected ultrasonography is most commonly the first choice for screening.
  • Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound screening is 85% and 80%.
  • A High-resolution contrast-enhanced ultrasonography identifies up to 70–90% of polypoid gallbladder lesions.[1]
  • Gallbladder cancer on ultrasound have one of the following feartures[2]
    • 1) A mass in the gallbladder
    • 2) A polyp in the gallbladder
    • 3) Asymmetric wall thickening of the gallbladder
  •  Polyps which are over 1 cm in diameter have higher chance to contain an invasive cancer than smaller ones.[3]
  • With Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography gallbladder cancer shows an “eruption sign”[4]

Computer Tomography (CT)

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)[7]

  • ERCP may be helpful in diagnosing abnormal pancreaticobiliary ducts and also in collection of biles and biopsy samples
  • ERCP is a very good tool in diagnosing filling defects of the gallbladder, It is best used for identifying tumour extension into the bile ducts.

MRI, MRA, and MRCP

 FDG-PET scan[12][13][14][15][16]

  • Given the rate of high incidence of metastases in gallbladder cancer, FDG(fluorodeoxyglucose)PET(postrion emmision tomography) scan is particularly useful in identifying metastases.
  • PET scan is useful in diagnosing abnormal lesions and detecting residual disease after cholecystectomy
  •  PET scan has the ability to detect occult metastasis in patients with potentially resectable tumors and changes the management in almost 25% of the patients

OTHER TECHNIQUES

  • Other techniques like percutaneous transhepatic cholecystoscopy and Percutaneous transhepatic fine needle aspiration are helpful in the evaluation of gallbladder polyps


References

  1. Inui K, Yoshino J, Miyoshi H (2011). "Diagnosis of gallbladder tumors". Intern. Med. 50 (11): 1133–6. PMID 21628925.
  2. Kanthan R, Senger JL, Ahmed S, Kanthan SC (2015). "Gallbladder Cancer in the 21st Century". J Oncol. 2015: 967472. doi:10.1155/2015/967472. PMC 4569807. PMID 26421012.
  3. Wibbenmeyer LA, Sharafuddin MJ, Wolverson MK, Heiberg EV, Wade TP, Shields JB (1995). "Sonographic diagnosis of unsuspected gallbladder cancer: imaging findings in comparison with benign gallbladder conditions". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 165 (5): 1169–74. doi:10.2214/ajr.165.5.7572497. PMID 7572497.
  4. Vijayakumar A, Vijayakumar A, Patil V, Mallikarjuna MN, Shivaswamy BS (2013). "Early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma: an algorithm approach". ISRN Radiol. 2013: 239424. doi:10.5402/2013/239424. PMC 4045520. PMID 24959553.
  5. Deshmukh SD, Johnson PT, Sheth S, Hruban R, Fishman EK (2013). "CT of gallbladder cancer and its mimics: a pattern-based approach". Abdom Imaging. 38 (3): 527–36. doi:10.1007/s00261-012-9907-1. PMID 22581235.
  6. Vijayakumar A, Vijayakumar A, Patil V, Mallikarjuna MN, Shivaswamy BS (2013). "Early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma: an algorithm approach". ISRN Radiol. 2013: 239424. doi:10.5402/2013/239424. PMC 4045520. PMID 24959553.
  7. Kinoshita H, Hara M, Hashino K, Hashimoto M, Nishimura K, Kodama T, Hamada S, Matsuo H, Yasunaga M, Odo M, Tamae T, Noritomi T, Hiraki M, Okuda K, Imayama H, Shirouzu K, Aoyagi S (2002). "A case of gallbladder cancer associated with pancreaticobiliary maljunction". Kurume Med J. 49 (1–2): 61–5. PMID 12235875.
  8. Kaza RK, Gulati M, Wig JD, Chawla YK (2006). "Evaluation of gall bladder carcinoma with dynamic magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography". Australas Radiol. 50 (3): 212–7. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1673.2006.01564.x. PMID 16732816.
  9. Kim, Soo Jin; Lee, Jeong Min; Lee, Eun Sun; Han, Joon Koo; Choi, Byung Ihn (2015). "Preoperative staging of gallbladder carcinoma using biliary MR imaging". Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 41 (2): 314–321. doi:10.1002/jmri.24537. ISSN 1053-1807.
  10. Kanthan, Rani; Senger, Jenna-Lynn; Ahmed, Shahid; Kanthan, Selliah Chandra (2015). "Gallbladder Cancer in the 21st Century". Journal of Oncology. 2015: 1–26. doi:10.1155/2015/967472. ISSN 1687-8450.
  11. Lee, N.K.; Kim, S.; Kim, T.U.; Kim, D.U.; Seo, H.I.; Jeon, T.Y. (2014). "Diffusion-weighted MRI for differentiation of benign from malignant lesions in the gallbladder". Clinical Radiology. 69 (2): e78–e85. doi:10.1016/j.crad.2013.09.017. ISSN 0009-9260.
  12. Corvera, Carlos U.; Blumgart, Leslie H.; Akhurst, Timothy; DeMatteo, Ronald P.; D’Angelica, Michael; Fong, Yuman; Jarnagin, William Robert (2008). "18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Influences Management Decisions in Patients with Biliary Cancer". Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 206 (1): 57–65. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.07.002. ISSN 1072-7515.
  13. Oe A, Kawabe J, Torii K, Kawamura E, Higashiyama S, Kotani J, Hayashi T, Kurooka H, Tsumoto C, Kubo S, Shiomi S (2006). "Distinguishing benign from malignant gallbladder wall thickening using FDG-PET". Ann Nucl Med. 20 (10): 699–703. PMID 17385310.
  14. Anderson CD, Rice MH, Pinson CW, Chapman WC, Chari RS, Delbeke D (2004). "Fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging in the evaluation of gallbladder carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma". J. Gastrointest. Surg. 8 (1): 90–7. PMID 14746840.
  15. Butte JM, Redondo F, Waugh E, Meneses M, Pruzzo R, Parada H, Amaral H, De La Fuente HA (2009). "The role of PET-CT in patients with incidental gallbladder cancer". HPB (Oxford). 11 (7): 585–91. doi:10.1111/j.1477-2574.2009.00104.x. PMC 2785954. PMID 20495711.
  16. Corvera CU, Blumgart LH, Akhurst T, DeMatteo RP, D'Angelica M, Fong Y, Jarnagin WR (2008). "18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography influences management decisions in patients with biliary cancer". J. Am. Coll. Surg. 206 (1): 57–65. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.07.002. PMID 18155569.


Template:WikiDoc Sources