Ileus natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Natural History

• If left untreated, patients with ileus may progress to develop abdominal pain, abdominal distention,nausea and vomiting and postprandial discomfort.
• Depending upon the underlying cause of ileus these symptoms may range in severity from mild to severe.
• In postoperative ileus, some patients may have reversal of symptoms within 1-2 days whereas the rest may progress to develop more severe symptoms.
• In chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO), the symptoms are more severe and may result in malabsorbtion and sepsis.

Complications

Complications may include or may lead to:

• Electrolyte (blood chemical and mineral) imbalances
• Dehydration
• Hole (perforation) in the intestine
• Infection
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
• pulmonary complications

Prognosis

The outcome depends on the cause of the blockage. Most of the time the cause is easily treated.