Acute diarrhea causes
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Acute Diarrhea Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Acute diarrhea causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Acute diarrhea causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chandrakala Yannam, MD [2]
Overview
Common causes of acute diarrhea in children are infections. infectious gastroenterits is most commonly caused by Rota virus, Shigella, Enterotoxigenic E.coli ETEC , Cryptosporidium parvum.. Less commonly, acute diarrhea in children can be associated with systemic infections including Influenza, UTI, HIV infection and intra abdominal emergencies including Intususseption and acute appendicitis.
Common causes of acute diarrhea in adults is also Infectious gastroenterits, commonly caused by Noro virus, Salmonella, Shigella, Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus. Less commonly acute diarrhea can be a symptom in the initial stages of systemic conditions including Ischemic colitis, Hyperthyroidism, Tropical sprue and with medications including Broad spectrum antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents.
Causes
| Population | Life threatening causes | Common causes | Less common causes |
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| Children | Sepsis:
Staphylococcus aureus (staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome [TSS] Salmonella septicemia Hemolytic uraemic syndrome (Shiga toxin producing E. coli ETEC) |
Infectious:
Bacterial:
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Influenza, measles, dengue fever, human immunodeficiency virus. Systemic infections associated with diarrhea include pneumonia,Otitis media, sepsis,urinary tract infection. Intra abdominal emergencies including appendicitis, Intussusception. |
| Adults |
Infections:
Food poisoning:
Viral:
Protozoan:
Medicatons:
Tumors: VIPoma Organophosphate poisoning Opium withdrawal Short bowel syndrome(initial stages) Radiation enteritis(initial stages) |
Listeria monocytogenes (in immuno compromised)
Hyperthyroidism Irritable bowel syndrome Lactose intolerance | |