Polymyositis and dermatomyositis risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]

Risk Factors

• Common risk factors in the development of polymyositis and dermatomyositis include .

Common Risk Factors

• Common risk factors in the development of polymyositis and dermatomyositis include:
  • Viral infections such as:
    • Coxsackie B virus
    • Parvovirus
    • Enterovirus
    • Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1)
    • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
    • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
    • Adenovirus
    • Influenza
  • Malignancy such as:
    • Ovarian
    • Lung
    • Gastric
    • Colorectal
    • Pancreatic
    • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  • Drugs such as:
    • Statins
    • Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as:

• • • • Ipilimumab
      • Pembrolizumab
      • Interferon-alpha
      • IL-2 therapy 

Less Common Risk Factors

• Less common risk factors in the development of polymyositis and dermatomyositis include: