Bladder cancer laboratory findings
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Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [1]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of bladder cancer include blood in the urine, abnormal cells in the urine, and elevated tumor markers.
Laboratory Findings
- Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of bladder cancer include:[1][2][3]
- Complete blood count
- Low red blood cell count
- Elevated alkaline phosphatase
- Blood in the urine
- Urine cytology
- Abnormal cells in the urine
- Tumor marker tests
- Bladder tumour–associated antigen (BTA)
- Nuclear matrix proteins (NMP)
- Mucin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
References
- ↑ Shariat SF, Karam JA, Lotan Y, Karakiewizc PI (2008). "Critical evaluation of urinary markers for bladder cancer detection and monitoring". Rev Urol. 10 (2): 120–35. PMC 2483317. PMID 18660854.
- ↑ Villicana P, Whiting B, Goodison S, Rosser CJ (June 2009). "Urine-based assays for the detection of bladder cancer". Biomark Med. 3 (3): 265. doi:10.2217/bmm.09.23. PMC 2819730. PMID 20161673.
- ↑ Grossfeld GD, Litwin MS, Wolf JS, Hricak H, Shuler CL, Agerter DC, Carroll PR (April 2001). "Evaluation of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults: the American Urological Association best practice policy--part I: definition, detection, prevalence, and etiology". Urology. 57 (4): 599–603. PMID 11306356.