Chronic myelogenous leukemia risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [2]
Overview
The most potent risk factor in the development of chronic myelogenous leukemia is ionizing radiation; for example, increased rates of CML were seen in people exposed to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Other risk factors include formaldehyde, obesity, and smoking.[1][2]
Factors that increase the risk of chronic myelogenous leukemia:
- Older age
- Being male
- Radiation exposure, such as radiation therapy for certain types of cancer
Family history is not a risk factor
The chromosome mutation that leads to chronic myelogenous leukemia isn't passed from parents to offspring. This mutation is believed to be acquired, meaning it develops after birth.
The aetiology of CML is essentially unknown. Ionising radiation is the only established risk factor, having been linked to CML in atomic bomb survivors [32]. Results from a recent population-based case-control study suggested a weak association between smoking and CML, but this has not yet been confirmed by other studies [33]. In a study based on the Swedish Cancer Registry and Multigenerational Registry, Bjorkholm et al. found no significant familial aggregation of CML. PMID:25814090
Common Risk Factors
Less common Risk Factors
References
- ↑ Moloney WC (1987). "Radiogenic leukemia revisited". Blood. 70 (4): 905–8. PMID 3477299.
- ↑ Canadian Cancer Society.2015.http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/leukemia-chronic-myelogenous-cml/staging/?region=ab