Renal tubular acidosis natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Complications

Common complications associated with renal tubular acidosis include:

• Volume depletion
• Electrolyte disturbances
• Nephrocalcinosis
• Osteoporosis
• Growth retardation
• Renal rickets
• Fludrocortisone-associated hypertension and edema or pulmonary edema
• Osteopetrosis

Prognosis

• Prognosis of renal tubular acidosis is generally good with appropriate therapy.
• Alkali therapy seems effective in prevention of renal stones and nephrocalcinosis in patients with incomplete distal RTA.
• Aggressive correction of acidosis has been shown to restore growth in children with renal tubular acidosis.
• Effective treatment proved no effect on already occurred damage such as blindness and deafness due to nerve compression.
• The prognosis of Fanconi syndrome depend on etiology.
  • In inherited metabolic disease, it is of poor prognosis .
  • When it is secondary due to drugs or toxin exposure, prognosis is generally good as it regresses on with drawl of the offending agent.