Multiple myeloma epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2] Shyam Patel [3]
Overview
In 2012, the incidence of multiple myeloma was approximately 6.3 per 100,000 cases with a mortality rate of 3.3 per 100,000 cases in the United States.[1] The prevalence of multiple myeloma was estimated to be 89,658 cases in 2012 in the United States.[2][3] Multiple myeloma is the second most common blood cancer after non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 14th most common cancer overall in United States.[4][2][3] Males are more commonly affected with multiple myeloma than females; the male to female ratio is approximately 1.54 to 1.[3][5] Multiple myeloma usually affects individuals of the African American and Native Pacific Islanders race. Asian individuals are less likely to develop multiple myeloma.[3] The incidence of multiple myeloma increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is approximately 66–70 years with 37% of patients being younger than 65 years of age.[6]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The age-standardized incidence rate of multiple myeloma worldwide is 1.5 per 100,000 persons per year.[7]
- In 2012, the incidence of multiple myeloma waws approximately 6.3 per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate of 3.3 per 100,000 in the United States.[1]
- In 2014, multiple myeloma constituted approximately 1.4 percent of the estimated new cancer cases.[8]
- In 2015, the estimated incidence of multiple myeloma is 1.6% of all new cancer cases and 1.9% of all cancer mortality cases.[2]
- Multiple myeloma is the 14th leading cause of cancer death in the United States.[2]
- Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematologic malignancy, after non-Hodgkin lymphoma.[7]
- Since 1975, the overall multiple myeloma incidence has increased nearly 1 percent annually.[8]
- Solitary plasmacytoma accounts for approximately 5% of plasma cell neoplasms.[9]
- The incidence of solitary plasmacytoma in males to females is 2:1.[9]
Prevalance
- Myeloma is the 14th leading cause of cancer death in the United States.[2]
- [10]Multiple myeloma accounts for around 1% of all cancers worldwide and is the second most prevalent hematological neoplasm (10–15%) after non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.[4][2][11][12]
- There are approximately 76,000 people in the United States living with multiple myeloma.[2]
- In 2012, there were an estimated 89,658 people living with multiple myeloma in the United States.[2]
Age
- The incidence of multiple myeloma increases with age, and the the median age at diagnosis is 65 to 70 years.[7]
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected with multiple myeloma than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.54 to 1.[5]
Race
- Among African Americans, multiple myeloma is one of the top 10 leading causes of cancer deaths.[2]
- The incidence of multiple myeloma in the African American population is more than the European American population.
- African Americans have a 2-fold higher age-standardized incidence rate of multiple myeloma than Caucasians.[7] The incidence of multiple myeloma in African Americans is 9.6 per 100,000 persons. The incidence of Caucasians is 4.1 per 100,000 persons.[7]
Gallery
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Plasma cell neoplasm.National cancer institute (2015)http://www.cancer.gov/types/myeloma/hp/myeloma-treatment-pdq#cit/section_1.1 Accessed on September, 20th 2015
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 Seer stat fact sheet. National cancer institute (2015)http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html Accessed on September, 20th 2015
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Multiple myeloma. Wikipedia (2015)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma#Pathophysiology Accessed on September, 20th 2015
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Collins, CD. (2005). "Problems monitoring response in multiple myeloma". Cancer Imaging. 5 Spec No A: S119–26. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2005.0033. PMID 16361127.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Multiple myeloma. Radiopaedia (2015)http://radiopaedia.org/articles/multiple-myeloma-1 Accessed on September, 20th 2015
- ↑ Kazandjian D (December 2016). "Multiple myeloma epidemiology and survival: A unique malignancy". Semin. Oncol. 43 (6): 676–681. doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2016.11.004. PMC 5283695. PMID 28061985.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Hong J, Lee JH (2016). "Recent advances in multiple myeloma: a Korean perspective". Korean J Intern Med. 31 (5): 820–34. doi:10.3904/kjim.2015.408. PMC 5016289. PMID 27604794.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 A snapshot of myeloma. National cancer institute(2014)http://www.cancer.gov/research/progress/snapshots/myeloma Accessed on September, 20th 2015
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Jia R, Xue L, Liang H, Gao K, Li J, Zhang Z (2015). "Surgery combined with radiotherapy for the treatment of solitary plasmacytoma of the rib: a case report and review of the literature". J Cardiothorac Surg. 10: 125. doi:10.1186/s13019-015-0335-5. PMC 4605096. PMID 26464186.
- ↑ Seer stat fact sheet. National cancer institute (2015)http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/mulmy.html Accessed on September, 20th 2015
- ↑ Reisenbuckler C (2014). "Multiple myeloma and diagnostic imaging". Radiol Technol. 85 (4): 391–410, quiz 411–3. PMID 24614435.
- ↑ Gerecke C, Fuhrmann S, Strifler S, Schmidt-Hieber M, Einsele H, Knop S (July 2016). "The Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Myeloma". Dtsch Arztebl Int. 113 (27–28): 470–6. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0470. PMC 4973001. PMID 27476706.