Interstitial nephritis risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohsen Basiri M.D.

Overview

There are no established risk factors for TIN. Whereas according to etiologic causative factors, consumption of culprit drugs in causing TIN,previous history of hypersensitivity reactions to specific drug, presence of autoimmune systemic disease or some neoplasia or genetic condition, occupational or environmental exposure to heavy metals , and infection etiologies in association with obstructive uropathy, play role in in the development of TIN.

Risk Factors

There are no established risk factors for TIN. Whereas according to etiologic causative factors the most potent risk factors in the development of TIN include:

• Consumption of culprit drugs in causing TIN
• Previous history of hypersensitivity reactions to specific drug
• Presence of autoimmune systemic, neoplasia, metabolic or some genetic diseases
• Occupational or environmental exposure to heavy metals (eg, lead, cadmium, mercury )
• Infections in association with obstructive uropathy, reflux disease, nephrolithiasis