Nephrotic syndrome history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian
Overview
The hallmark of nephrotic syndrome is edema. A positive history of renal disease, systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, amyloidosis, or systemic lupus erythematosus, and medication use is suggestive of nephrotic syndrome. The most common symptoms of nephrotic syndrome include volume overload, foamy urine, and fatigue.
History and Symptoms
- The hallmark of nephrotic syndrome is edema. A positive history of renal disease, systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, amyloidosis, or systemic lupus erythematosus, and medication use is suggestive of nephrotic syndrome. The most common symptoms of nephrotic syndrome include volume overload, foamy urine, and fatigue.
History
Patients with nephrotic syndrome may have a positive history of:
- Renal disease
- Systemic disease such as diabetes mellitus, amyloidosis, or systemic lupus erythematosus
- Medication use
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of nephrotic syndrome include:
- Symptoms of proteinuria, such as foamy urine
- Volume overload that manifests as:
- Swelling of lower extremities and genitals
- Abdominal fullness suggestive of ascites
- Anasarca
- Dyspnea suggestive of pulmonary edema
- Weight gain
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of nephrotic syndrome include:
- Fatigue
- Anorexia
- Symptoms of associated complications
- Symptoms of high blood pressure, such as headache and visual disturbance
- Symptoms of deep vein thrombosis
- Symptoms of infections