Lymphangioma diagnostic study of choice

Overview

Lymphangioma is generally diagnosed with non invasive techniques, primarily ultrasound and MRI. However X-ray often mark the presence of cystic mass, but then is confirmed with ultrasound and MRI. In addition to that micropathology is confirmed with biopsy and histopathology.

Diagnostic Study of Choice

Study of choice:

• MRI is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of lymphangioma.
• MRI can mar the degree of involvement and extent of lesion.
• MRI can prevent extensive, incomplete surgical resection, because poorly removed lesion can lead to recurrence.

Biopsy:

Biopsy is used to analyze the structure of tissue. It shows

• Dilated lymph channels ultimately causes the papillary dermis to expand.
• These channels extend to subcutis.
• Deeper vessels have larger lumen and muscular coat.
• The lumen has lymphatic fluid, but it often contains red blood cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils.
• These channels re lined by endothelial cells.
• Numerous lymphoid cells are also seen.

Histochemical staining:

• Histochemical staining is recommended to document lymphangioma.

Other Tests:

In addition to above, various investigations must be performed in the following order:

• Plain radiograph
• Ultrasound
• CT scan

References

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