Lymphomatoid granulomatosis pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis arises from T cells, which are Lymphoid cells that are normally involved in Immunity.


Pathophysiology

Physiology

The normal physiology of cell mediated immunity can be understood as follows: Historically, the immune system was divided into two branches: humoral immunity, for which the defending function of immunization could be seen in the humor (cell-free bodily fluid or serum) and cellular immunity, for which the defending function of immunization was associated with cells. CD4 cells or helper T cells provide defense against varying pathogenic organisms. Naive T cells, mature T cells that have yet to come upon an antigen, are transformed into activated effector T cells after coming across an antigen-presenting cells (APCs). These APCs, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells in some cases, pack antigenic peptides onto the MHC of the cell, in turn introducing the peptide to receptors on T cells. The most important of these APCs are highly specialized dendritic cells; conceivably operating solely to ingest and present antigens.

Pathogenesis

  • The exact pathogenesis of [disease name] is not completely understood.

OR

  • It is understood that [disease name] is the result of / is mediated by / is produced by / is caused by either [hypothesis 1], [hypothesis 2], or [hypothesis 3].
  • [Pathogen name] is usually transmitted via the [transmission route] route to the human host.
  • Following transmission/ingestion, the [pathogen] uses the [entry site] to invade the [cell name] cell.
  • [Disease or malignancy name] arises from [cell name]s, which are [cell type] cells that are normally involved in [function of cells].
  • The progression to [disease name] usually involves the [molecular pathway].
  • The pathophysiology of [disease/malignancy] depends on the histological subtype.

Genetics

[Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.

OR

Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include:

  • [Gene1]
  • [Gene2]
  • [Gene3]

OR

The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations such as:

  • [Mutation 1]
  • [Mutation 2]
  • [Mutation 3]

Associated Conditions

Conditions associated with [disease name] include:

  • [Condition 1]
  • [Condition 2]
  • [Condition 3]

Gross Pathology

On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

Microscopic Pathology

On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].

References

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