Bleeding disorder resident survival guide
| Bleeding disorder Resident Survival Guide |
|---|
| Overview |
| Causes |
| FIRE |
| Diagnosis |
| Treatment |
| Do's |
| Don'ts |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];
Overview
Causes
Coagulopathy
The following are the causes of coagulopathy (defects in coagulation):
Genetic:
Hemorrhagic Disorders
- Factor VIII Deficiency
- Factor IX Deficiency
- Von Willebrand Factor Deficiency
- Factor XI Deficiency
- Factor II, V, VII, X Deficiency (Common Pathway Proteins)
- Factor XIII and Fibrinogen Deficiency
Hypercoaguable Diseases
- Antithrombin III Deficiency
- Protein C and S Deficiency
Acquired:
- Prohemorrhagic Liver Diseases
- Vitamin K Deficiency
- Drugs such as:
- Warfarin
- Heparin
- Hemodilution and massive transfusion
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
- Immunoglobulin mediated Factor Deficiency (VIII, V, XIII, X)
- Hyperfibrinolysis
- Venom Induced
Prothrombotic:
- Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia
- Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
- Microvascular Thrombosis (Warfarin Induced Skin Necrosis)
Platelet Related Disorders
Congenital:
- Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia
- Bernard-Soulier Syndrome
- Von Willebrand's Disease
Acquired
- Myeloproliferative Disorders
- Uremia
- Drugs (NSAIDs, Aspririn, Clopidogrel etc.)
- Neoplasia
- Monoclonal Gammopathies
- DIC
- Ehlrichiosis
- Retroviral Infection
- Snake Venom
- Cirrhosis
FIRE
A Focused Initial Rapid Evaluation (FIRE) should be performed to identify patients with severe bleeding and in need of immediate intervention.
Boxes in red signify that an urgent management is needed