Breast lumps risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shadan Mehraban, M.D.[3]

Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shadan Mehraban, M.D.[4]

Risk Factors

Associated risk factors leading to female breast cancer

• Age: probability of breast cancer from birth to 39 years; 1 in 202, from 40 to 59 years; 1 in 26, from 60 to 69 years; 1 in 28.
• Personal history of breast cancer
• Breast pathology: PD with atypia has greater risk of developing to breast cancer in comparison of PD.
• Family history: greater breast cancer risk in women with first degree relatives with breast cancer under 50 years old.
• Genetic predisposition
  • High risk
    • BRCA1
    • BRCA2
  • Moderate risk
    • Homozygous ataxia-telangiectasia (ATM)
    • Somatic mutation in CHEK2
    • BRCA1 modifier gene: BRIP1
    • BRCA2 modifier gene: PALB2
  • Low risk
    • These alleles have not designated yet.

Endogenous hormone exposure and reproductive factors

• Early menarche;under age of 13 years
• Parity; nulliparous is associated with incresed risk of breast cancer
• Age at first full term pregnancy; younger age may decrease risk of breast cancer
• Breast feeding; decreased risk of breast cancer
• Testostrone; increased relative risk to 2.86-3.28
• Age at menopause;older menopausal age associated with greater risk of breast cancer

Exogenous hormone exposure

• long term exposure> 5 years; increases chances of breast cancer
• Time of usage;nearly menopausal age associated with development to breast cancer

Lifestyle These factors may increase risk of developing breast cancers

• Alcohol consumption; even as 5.0 to 9.9 per day, approximately 3 to 6 drinks per week, developed with relative risk 1.15
• Inactivity
• Obesity; BMI:25-29.9 and BMI>30 have relative risk about 1.28
• Previous history of radiation;at the age< 35years old

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